The codices also recorded religious practices.Ī 260-day ritual calendar was used by Aztec priests for divination, alongside a 365-day solar calendar. Two pictographic texts that survived Spanish destruction-the Matricula de tributos and Codex Mendoza-record the tributes paid to the Aztecs. Recordkeeping was important to tracking tributes. Chinampas, small, artificial islands created above the waterline, were one feature of the system. Key to the rise of Tenochtitlan was the agricultural system that made it possible to feed the population. They formed the Aztec Triple Alliance and were able to win the battle for regional control, collecting tribute from conquered states.
In 1428, the Mexica allied with two other cities-Texcoco and Tlacopan.
They were subject to the Tepanec, whose capital was Azcapotzalco, and had to pay tribute to them. Archaeologists date the founding of Tenochtitlan to 1325 C.E.Īt first, the Mexica in Tenochtitlan were one of a number of small city-states in the region. This settlement, in the region of Mesoamerica called Anáhuac located on a group of five connected lakes, became Tenochtitlan. The legend recounts that Huitzilopochtli told them to found their settlement in the place where a giant eagle eating a snake was perched on a cactus. The Mexica founding of Tenochtitlan was under direction from their patron god Huitzilopochtli, according to legend. While it is not clear where Aztlan was, a number of scholars believe that the Mexica-as the Aztec referred to themselves- migrated south to central Mexico in the 13th century. The legendary origin of the Aztec people has them migrating from a homeland called Aztlan to what would become modern-day Mexico.
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